In the previous post we have left open the question: what changes were made in Sardinia from Iola and his cousins \u200b\u200bTespiadi?
In these lines, to answer. Imagine being
merchants Greeks arriving in Sardinia from the sea, on any day between the early Bronze Age and Iron Age full. It 's our first time on the island, and probably our attention might not be captured by the beauty of the sea and its cleanliness: heavy pollution in the bottom is still to come to the shores of the Mediterranean.
probably coming up with a merchant ship, we will not see even a mass covered with bronze warriors wait belligerent and suspicious of our landing. But almost certainly find other merchants interested in our goods, the people interested in buying or selling, some sent by the local lord.
No, our attention will surely be drawn to the great stone towers, common on the coast and inland, so as to characterize the landscape at strategic points. Those towers are now partially survived almost exclusively within the island, with no top, no plaster, no colors that probably once made them and visible. Why did those towers, called Nuraghe, were almost certainly a place of power, which was to be seen and noticed. Threatening enemies, reassuring allies and subjects.
landed, we pass the island and discover that these towers are everywhere. As the Cyclopean walls of Tiryns and Mycenae, similar to groundwater tholoi vaulted roofs of the Achaeans, but built out of the ground. A work of immense, incredible, made with a skill and an extraordinary relationship of proportion that is not easy in the regions bordering the Great Inland Sea.
Who can be built? The lords of the island, tell us.
But who are the gentlemen who have so much power, so much wealth? And who was the architect who designed these fortresses, residences, warehouses and so on?
We are Greeks and we can not conceive that nothing extraordinary can be done by those who have greek blood in his veins.
therefore justified. Perhaps some Punic speaks of the lords of the Island as descendants of Melqart, perhaps the gentlemen define themselves sons of the great god of the West. We Greeks, wiser and more learned, we know that behind Melqart and behind many of the direction where the sun sets, it hides our great hero Heracles.
And behind the plan of those towers, there can be a long breed of craftsmen and builders who are experimenting with techniques to pass information for centuries. No one man, a greek, only he may have had the same brilliant engineering that he used to make the big building called the Labyrinth of Crete, so complex that it is impossible to go out if you do not have a guide. This genius of antiquity is Daedalus, the Athenian. This
tell our compatriots when we come back nell'Ellade: there is an island in the middle of the Western Mediterranean, inhabited by the sons of Heracles, the same Tespiadi of which tells the migration, and Daedalus built for their fabulous tholoi and gymnasiums for physical exercises, and courts, and city.
Not much else tells the myth of Tespiadi.
Diodorus tells us that after the conquest of the island, Iolaus, son of quell'Ificle who was brother of Heracles, divided up the territory in order to develop agriculture, founded cities, built gymnasiums, temples, and "everything that makes life happy of men. " Named after the most beautiful head of the plains were called "Iolaee" until the time of Diodorus (90 BC), and always in honor of the son of Iphicles, the mix between Tespiadi, Greek colonists and former residents dell'isola, prese il nome di Iolaei: i tespiadi, infatti, onoravano Iolao come se fosse un padre.
In un altro punto, sempre Diodoro ci aggiunge che Iolao non ideò tutto personalmente, ma mandò a chiamare dalla Sicilia l'architetto Dedalo che, come abbiamo visto , dopo aver causato la morte di Minosse, aveva bisogno di "cambiare aria". E gli edifici esistevano ancora all'epoca di Diodoro, ed erano chiamati "Daidaleia" dal loro ideatore.
Come detto per Diodoro durante la spedizione Iolao fondò anche importanti città. Ma quali?
Pomponio Mela ci riferisce che tra gli abitanti più antichi dell'isola c'erano gli Iliensi (forse una versione degli Iolaei), and that there were among the first cities Karalis and Sulci. The synthetic pitch, perhaps suggesting that the two main cities of the island were somehow related to Iolaus and his Iolaei \\ Iliensi. But we know that Karalis, in other versions, is the foundation of Aristeo , and also Nora Norac foundation, it must have been already built at the time of Iolaus. If Karalis not be attributed to him, was the foundation of Sulci Iolaus? Or, simply, we want to draw too much from the string passed by Pomponio, who just wants to designate two types of antiques (and the people of the two cities), but without wanting to establish a link between the two?
The other authors are not helpful. Diodorus, we have seen, is generic.
Pausanias is not clear, and indeed even move the focus from the south (the "boss below") to the north (the "head on"). For him, in fact, foundations were two urban under Tespiadi: Olbia Ogrille and built by the Athenians to the expedition in honor of one of them, called Ogrillo.
Solino, author of the third century AD, it remains the foundation of Olbia by Iolaus, but adds that the hero he founded "other Greek cities." But what?
In conclusion we sense that the true urban myth of Sardinia, more or less systematic, can be traced back to Iolaus and Tespiadi: they founded Olbia and "other cities", but it is not impossible to know for sure which ones.
Among the buildings, in addition to "tholoi" and the courts, the authors reminded the gymnasiums, gyms typically Greek. We remember them with others Diodorus
buildings, but other authors give us some more information. A comment ode of Pindar shows an earlier comment made by admin. Yes, that's the writer who inspired the "Didymus Cleric 'to Foscolo. Didymus would say that at Thebes, in the gymnasium of Iolaus, the Heraclidae races held in memory of Amphitryon, the putative father of Heracles. Iolaus himself did on those occasions in honor of the funeral of a distant person but "in reality the memory of Iolaus had turned to Sardinia.
What does this passage cited by a commentator to comment?
seems to intuit, along with other information we have, that the cult of heroic Iolaus was linked to sports. And this is not strange: the funeral games in honor of a famous person were the norm in the heroic world. But we can go to say that the races were a characteristic of Iola, and for this reason the authors emphasize the presence in Sardinia of high schools created by the son of Iphicles? After all, we must not forget that in the first edition of the Olympics and then in the games in honor of Pelias, Iolaus was the winner of the most prestigious race, the race with the cart.
Our world traveler Pausanias, speaking of Thebes, referred to as the city stands a gymnasium and a stadium, before the doors Pretidi. There, according to the Thebans, was the heroon of Iolaus. In short, the tomb of heroic Iolaus was once again tied to sporting events. Yet the same
Thebans, according to Pausanias, acknowledged that the real tomb of Iolaus, the Tespiadi and the Athenians went with them, were in Sardinia.
At this point it will be necessary to tell what happened to our characters after the great period of colonization.
I'll tell in the next post.
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